ABSTRACT
Avaliou-se a recuperação anestésica e a analgesia residual da infusão contínua (IC) de fentanil (F), lidocaína (L), cetamina (K) e fentanil-lidocaína-cetamina (FLK), associados à anestesia total intravenosa com o propofol, em cadelas submetidas à ovariossalpingo-histerectomia. Foram utilizados 32 animais pré-medicados com acepromazina, distribuídos em quatro grupos de acordo com o tratamento analgésico: F: bolus de 0,0036mg/kg de fentanil e IC de 0,0036mg mg/kg/h; L: bolus de 3mg/kg de lidocaína e IC de 3mg/kg/h; K: bolus de 0,6mg/kg de cetamina e IC de 0,6mg/kg/h; e FLK: bolus e IC dos três fármacos nas doses supracitadas. Após o bolus do tratamento analgésico, foi realizada a indução e o início da IC do tratamento analgésico e do propofol. Para avaliação da recuperação anestésica, foram considerados os tempos de extubação, decúbito esternal, posição quadrupedal e os efeitos adversos. A avaliação da analgesia foi realizada por meio da escala visual analógica e modificada de Glasgow, durante seis horas. Os efeitos adversos observados foram vômito, sialorreia e tremor muscular. Receberam analgesia de resgate 100% dos animais do grupo F, 87,5% do K, 50% do L e 12,5% do FLK. O FLK demonstrou maior analgesia, e a recuperação anestésica foi semelhante em todos os grupos.(AU)
The anesthetic recovery and residual analgesia of continuous rate infusion (CRI) of fentanyl (F), lidocaine (L), ketamine (K) and fentanyl-lidocaine-ketamine (FLK) associated with total intravenous anesthesia with propofol in bitches submitted to ovariohysterectomy were evaluated. 32 animals were used, pre-medicated with acepromazine and distributed into four groups according to analgesic treatment: F loading dose (LD) of 0.0036mg/kg fentanyl, and CRI of 0.0036mg/kg/h, L: LD of 3mg/kg lidocaine, and CRI of 3mg/kg/h; K: LD of 0.6mg/kg ketamine, and CRI of 0.6mg/kg/h and FLK: LD and CRI of the three drugs in the above mentioned doses. After the LD of analgesic treatment, the induction was performed and the CRI of the analgesic treatment and propofol started. To evaluate the anesthetic recovery, the time of extubation, sternal decubitus, quadrupedal position and adverse effects were considered. The analgesia evaluation was performed using the visual scale and modified Glasgow for six hours. The adverse effects observed were vomiting, sialorrhea and muscle tremor. 100% of the animals in group F, 87.5% of K, 50% of L and 12.5% of FLK received rescue analgesia. FLK demonstrated greater analgesia, and anesthesia recovery was similar in all groups.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Anesthesia Recovery Period , Propofol/administration & dosage , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Combined/administration & dosage , Ketamine/administration & dosage , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Salpingostomy/veterinary , Ovariectomy/veterinary , Hysterectomy/veterinaryABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the viability of using a non-invasive digital monitor to monitor heart rate (HR) and motility during the embryonic development of Pantanal alligator (Caiman yacare) using Egg Buddy ® , at different incubation temperatures. The collection of the eggs followed the Ranching system and egg identification, transportation, and incubation were performed with the required care; all eggs were incubated with 90% humidity at 29°C for the first 45 days. Thereafter, the incubation temperature was either maintained at 29°C, increased to 33°C or maintained at 29°C and embryos simultaneously treated with 4-aminopyridine on days 46, 47, 48, and 49 (29°C-4AP). Embryo movement was measured with a digital non-invasive monitor on days 30, 35, 42, 49, 56, and 60, at which point embryos were sacrificed. In the statistical analysis no differences were observed between the groups for the temperature (33°C and 29°C); for motility, a difference was observed at day 49 for the 29°C-4AP group. This revealed that the non-invasive evaluation method can be used to verify embryonic motility and HR effectively in Caiman yacare embryos.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Body Temperature , Eggs/analysis , Embryo, Nonmammalian , Alligators and Crocodiles/embryology , Heart RateABSTRACT
The recently developed minimally invasive techniques of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) have been studied in dogs in order to optimize their benefits and decrease risks to the patients. The purpose of this study was to compare surgical time, complications and technical difficulties of transvaginal total-NOTES, single-port laparoscopic-assisted and conventional OVH in bitches. Twelve bitches were submitted to total-NOTES (NOTES group), while 13 underwent single-port laparoscopic-assisted (SPLA group) and 15 were submitted to conventional OVH (OPEN group). Intra-operative period was divided into 7 stages: (1) access to abdominal cavity; (2) pneumoperitoneum; approach to the right (3) and left (4) ovarian pedicle and uterine body (5); (6) abdominal or vaginal synthesis, performed in 6 out of 12 patients of NOTES; (7) inoperative time. Overall and stages operative times, intra and postoperative complications and technical difficulties were compared among groups. Mean overall surgical time in NOTES (25.7±6.8 minutes) and SPLA (23.1±4.0 minutes) groups were shorter than in the OPEN group (34.0±6.4 minutes) (P<0.05). The intraoperative stage that required the longest time was the approach to the uterine body in the NOTES group and abdominal and cutaneous sutures in the OPEN group. There was no difference regarding the rates of complications. Major complications included postoperative bleeding requiring reoperation in a bitch in the OPEN group, while minor complications included mild vaginal discharge in four patients in the NOTES group and seroma in three bitches in the SPLA group. In conclusion, total-NOTES and SPLA OVH were less time-consuming then conventional OVH in bitches. All techniques presented complications, which were properly managed.
O emprego de novas técnicas minimamente invasivas de ovário-histerectomia (OHE) vem sendo estudado em cães com o intuito de otimizar seus benefícios e reduzir os riscos aos pacientes. O presente estudo objetivou comparar o tempo cirúrgico, as complicações e dificuldades técnicas entre as abordagens por total-NOTES transvaginal, videoassistida com único portal e por celiotomia para ovário-histerectomia (OVH) em cadelas. Foram operados 12 animais por total-NOTES (grupo NOTES), 13 pela técnica videoassistida (grupo SPLA) e 15 pela técnica convencional (grupo OPEN). O período intraoperatório foi dividido em sete etapas: (1) acesso à cavidade abdominal; (2) criação do pneumoperitônio; abordagem ao pedículo ovariano direito (3), esquerdo (4) e ao corpo uterino (5); (6) síntese abdominal ou vaginal, realizado em seis de 12 pacientes do grupo NOTES; (7) tempo inoperante. Os parâmetros avaliados foram o tempo cirúrgico total e de cada etapa intraoperatória, a frequência de complicações intra e pós-operatórias e dificuldades técnicas. O tempo cirúrgico total médio dos grupos NOTES (25,7±6,8 minutos) e SPVA (23,1±4,0 minutos) foram menores que o do grupo OPEN (34,0±6,4 minutos) (P<0.05). A etapa intraoperatória que demandou maior tempo de execução foi a abordagem ao corpo uterino para o grupo NOTES, e síntese abdominal e cutânea para o grupo OPEN. Uma cadela do grupo OPEN necessitou de reintervenção para controle de hemorragia como complicação maior, e três cadelas do grupo SPVA apresentaram seroma de ferida cirúrgica como complicações menores. Concluiu-se que as técnicas de total-NOTES e SPLA apresentaram menor tempo cirúrgico que a abordagem convencional de OVH em cadelas. Todas as técnicas apresentaram complicações que foram adequadamente manejadas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Hysterectomy, Vaginal/veterinary , Operative Time , Ovariectomy/veterinary , Hand-Assisted Laparoscopy/veterinary , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/veterinaryABSTRACT
Horner's syndrome (HS) is a sympathetic dysfunction caused by injuries to the sympathetic pathway. A clinical case of HS following common carotid artery transposition and catheterization in a horse is described. The animal presented head and neck sweating with focal skin temperature elevation, facial paralysis and ptosis. Most clinical signs were transient and persisted for two hours following percutaneous catheter removal. Recurrence of clinical signs was observed at subsequent catheterizations. Ptosis endured for 10 months as a consequence of the first catheter placement which demonstrates the importance of careful manipulation of the anatomical structures of the neck when performing any surgical manipulation in this area...
A síndrome de Horner é uma disfunção do sistema nervoso autônomo simpático, decorrente de qualquer injúria a essa via de transmissão nervosa. Este artigo descreve um caso da síndrome após cirurgia para a transposição da artéria carótida comum. Os sinais clínicos observados foram sudorese de face e pescoço, com hipertermia localizada, paralisia facial e ptose palpebral. A maioria dos sinais foi transitória e se manifestou por até duas horas após a remoção do cateter percutâneo, introduzido na artéria transposta. Como essa manifestação foi recorrente nas venóclises subsequentes e a ptose palpebral perdurou por 10 meses, desde a primeira punção arterial, ressalta-se a importância e o critério quando da necessidade de manipulação cirúrgica dessa região anatômica...